The scope of pharmacotherapy in contemporary medicine is virtually limitless. Numerous authorities have constrained or curtailed the utilization of these medications based on their distinct property profiles. Although certain medications are accessible over-the-counter without a prescription, prescription drugs are categorized into various classifications across different countries. Medicines should align with the efficacy profile according to the severity and prevalence of the diagnosed medical problems. Nonetheless, several illnesses exhibit a high incidence in the general population yet are governed by stringent prescribing rules due to the significant hazards associated with pharmacological treatment. ADHD is arguably the most prevalent of these diseases. The pharmacodynamics of the stimulant medications employed in their treatment resemble those of substances recognized as illicit and potentially fatal. Consequently, psychiatrists prescribing these drugs must exercise meticulousness in the diagnostic and treatment planning processes.

Nevertheless, the inherent nature of ADHD necessitates symptomatic diagnosis under current conditions, leading to unwarranted pharmacological interventions, particularly in developing countries, characterized by inaccurate and excessive diagnoses, thereby artificially inflating the already elevated prevalence rate of ADHD. Medications prescribed due to these misdiagnoses may induce adverse consequences in individuals and exacerbate issues related to drug-related problems, particularly the crime rate, by undermining public order. UNODC possesses the infrastructure and human resources necessary to thoroughly address this issue, given its prior accomplishments.